Chile es el segundo país menos afectado por la pobreza en Latinoamérica producto de la pandemia

- Por Vicente iriarte
Según el informe de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (Cepal), Chile ocupa el segundo puesto entre los países de América del Sur que menos resultó afectado en medio de la crisis sanitaria. En este escenario, la mayoría de países de la región anotaron un incremento en la pobreza a excepción de Chile.
Los datos del año 2017 permiten comparar el nivel de pobreza, pasando de un 10,7% a 10,9% en 2020, pese a que según las estimaciones del Gobierno, el nivel de extrema pobreza habría aumentado de 1,4% a 1,6%.
La pobreza extrema considera aspectos como el hambre, entre otras dificultades, la que aumentó en 8 millones de personas, alcanzando un porcentaje del 12,5%, implicando un retroceso de al menos 20 años.
La situación descrita pudo haber sido mucho peor, pero gracias a los US$86 mil millones destinados a gasto sociales, de los que se benefició un 49,4% de las personas, el escenario no se vio afectado.
Entre los países de Latinoamérica que presentaron cambios en el nivel de pobreza, Brasil se destaca por reducirla a pesar del golpe a la economía que experimentaron junto a sus países vecinos. Esto se logró gracias a las transferencias efectuadas por el gobierno de Jair Bolsonaro, donde partieron de una tasa de pobreza de al menos un 19%, reduciéndola hasta un 16,3%.
La alta funcionaria de las Naciones Unidas indicó frente a esta situación que “el llamado de la CEPAL a un nuevo pacto social está más vigente que nunca. La pandemia es una coyuntura crítica que redefine lo que es posible y abre una ventana de oportunidad para dejar atrás la cultura del privilegio”.
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