Ley Crianza Protegida: consideraciones, usos y quiénes pueden acogerse
- Por Felipe Pinochet.
La Ley de Crianza Protegida, promulgada el pasado jueves 23 de julio por el Presidente Sebastián Piñera, establece beneficios a los padres o madres que estén haciendo uso del permiso postnatal parental o que tengan el cuidado personal de niños nacidos a contar del año 2013. Esta es una licencia de tipo preventiva para efectos del Covid-19, y podrán acceder a ello todos los trabajadores dependientes, independientes y funcionarios públicos.
De esta forma, se podrá cubrir a todos quienes hicieron uso del postnatal a partir del 18 de marzo pasado y hasta antes de la entrada en vigencia de esta Ley.
Así, este grupo tendrá derecho a un subsidio equivalente al monto diario del beneficio que recibió durante el permiso postnatal parental, el cual será pagado por las Isapres o Fonasa, según sea el caso, y se podrá extender por 30 días con opción de prórroga por dos periodos más, mientras el Estado de Catástrofe se mantenga.
En el caso en que el trabajador se hubiese reincorporado a sus labores por la mitad de su jornada, el subsidio derivado de la licencia médica preventiva parental será el que le hubiese correspondido si es que en condiciones normales hubiese hecho uso del permiso por jornada completa.
Respecto al fuero, el trabajador lo mantiene por el periodo de extensión del postnatal y empezará a regir inmediatamente después de terminado el período anterior.
Por otra parte, esta Ley también le da la posibilidad a los padres, madres o cuidadores de uno o más niños nacidos a partir del año 2013, que estén afiliados al Seguro de Cesantía, de solicitar la suspensión del contrato de trabajo haciendo uso de la Ley de Protección al Empleo. Eso sí, esto mientras el establecimiento educacional del o los niños no se encuentre funcionando por acto o declaración de autoridad.
Por eso, y tras la publicación este lunes en el Diario Oficial de la nueva normativa, desde la AFC ya se preparan para atender a estos 850 mil hogares potencialmente beneficiarios (según estimaciones del Ministerio de Trabajo) y, en función de eso, ya fijaron el cronograma de postulaciones.
Lo primero que hay que tener presente a la hora de postular es que esto opera con la misma lógica que la Ley de Protección al Empleo, por lo que el trámite es en línea y lo hace el empleador directamente con la información que le proporciona el postulante en cuestión.
El trabajador que requiera solicitar el Seguro de Cesantía por este motivo debe estar afiliado al Seguro de Cesantía y no estar haciendo uso o haber pedido la extensión de un permiso postnatal parental. Por su parte, el empleador no puede negarse a la solicitud del trabajador, si éste cumple con los requisitos.
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